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Introduction to JavaFX Color

In JavaFX, color can be used to fill the different shapes such as rectangle, ellipse, circle, etc. By using different methods, it is possible to make our shades of color. Once it is made, it can be passed to the object of paint into the method setFill(). In this document, we will be discussing several techniques to create color.

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How to Create Color in JavaFX?

As already said, colors can be made using different methods:

1. Using the Name of Color

In this method, the color name will be used to create a color. It is done with the help of class javafx.scene.paint.Color where all colors are available as properties of the class. Color name can be passed to the object of Paint class into the method setFill(). Here is an example of creating color using a color name.

Code:

import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Group; import javafx.scene.paint.Color; import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle; import javafx.stage.Stage; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.effect.DropShadow; import javafx.scene.effect.Shadow; public class JavaFXColorExample extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage s) { Group gp = new Group(); s.setTitle("Color sample using color name"); Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(); r1.setX(50); r1.setY(20); r1.setWidth(110); r1.setHeight(140); r1.setFill(Color.RED); r1.setEffect(new DropShadow()); Rectangle r2 = new Rectangle(); r2.setX(60); r2.setY(60); r2.setWidth(100); r2.setHeight(150); r2.setFill(Color.GREEN); r2.setEffect(new DropShadow()); gp.getChildren().add(r1); gp.getChildren().add(r2); Scene sc = new Scene(gp,700,450); s.setScene(sc); s.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } }

Output:

2. Using Web Color

The next method for creating color is by using a web color. Here, Color.web() method in class javafx.scene.paint.color will be used where 2 parameters will be passed such as color’s hex value and an alpha channel. The second parameter Alpha-channel is an optional parameter that denotes the color’s opacity. Alpha has a range of values 0.0 to 1.0 and also, it can be implicit or explicit as shown below.

Syntax:

Color.web("#ff0000") Color.web("#ff0000",1) import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Group; import javafx.scene.paint.Color; import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle; import javafx.stage.Stage; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.effect.DropShadow; import javafx.scene.effect.Shadow; public class JavaFXColorExample extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage s) { Group gp = new Group(); s.setTitle("Color sample using web color"); Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(); r1.setX(50); r1.setY(20); r1.setWidth(100); r1.setHeight(150); r1.setFill(Color.web("#ff0000",1)); r1.setEffect(new DropShadow()); Rectangle r2 = new Rectangle(); r2.setX(60); r2.setY(60); r2.setWidth(100); r2.setHeight(150); r2.setFill(Color.web("#000000",1)); r2.setEffect(new DropShadow()); gp.getChildren().add(r1); gp.getChildren().add(r2); Scene sc = new Scene(gp,700,450); s.setScene(sc); s.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }}

Output:

3. Using HSB Color

Color can also be created by using Hue, Saturation and Brightness combination which is known as HSB color. It is done with the help of class javafx.scene.paint.Color that consists of a method Color.hsb() that inputs 3 integers such as h,s, and b.

Code:

import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Group; import javafx.scene.paint.Color; import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle; import javafx.stage.Stage; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.effect.DropShadow; import javafx.scene.effect.Shadow; public class JavaFXColorExample extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage s) { Group gp = new Group(); s.setTitle("Color sample using HSB"); Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(); r1.setX(50); r1.setY(20); r1.setWidth(100); r1.setHeight(150); r1.setEffect(new DropShadow()); gp.getChildren().add(r1); Scene sc = new Scene(gp,700,450,Color.hsb(180, 0, 1)); s.setScene(sc); s.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } }

Output:

4. Using RGB Color

One of the most common methods to create color is RGB color system where Red, Green, and Blue are the 3 components. It is done with the help of class javafx.scene.paint.Color that consists of a method rgb() that inputs 3 integers r,g, and b.

Code:

import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.scene.Group; import javafx.scene.paint.Color; import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle; import javafx.stage.Stage; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.effect.DropShadow; import javafx.scene.effect.Shadow; public class JavaFXColorExample extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage s) { Group gp = new Group(); s.setTitle("Color sample using RGB"); Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(); r1.setX(50); r1.setY(20); r1.setWidth(100); r1.setHeight(140); r1.setFill(Color.rgb(20, 125, 10, 0.63)); gp.getChildren().add(r1); Scene sc = new Scene(gp,700,450); s.setScene(sc); s.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } }

Output:

Conclusion

Colors are used to fill the shapes and it can be done using different methods. All these methods are addressed in this document.